If glucose is unavailable, aerobic respiration may occur with A. Yes, in aerobic organisms, 90% or more of the energy is released in the TCA cycle which uses oxygen as the final electron acceptor but many anaerobic bacteria utilise sulphur rather than oxygen as the final electron acceptor. A. provides many molecules which can enter aerobic respiration at different stages. . D. ATP production cannot exceed NADH production. Cellular respiration is divided into two parts: aerobic cellular respiration, and anaerobic cellular respiration. The glucose molecule is phosphorylated causing, 2 ATP to lose a phosphate each, this activates the glucose which produces a six carbon sugar containing 2 phosphate molecules - a phosphoglucose molecule (S-cool.co.uk, 2018). The usual substrate (the organic substance from which energy is released) is glucose, although fats, amino acids and other substrates can be used if necessary. Organisms vary in the pathways available to them to break down sugars. Glycolysis generates 2 ATP whether O is present (aerobic) or not (anaerobic). The "spent" electrons from the electron transport chain in aerobic respiration are transferred to. Glucose is a simple carbohydrate, consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Without oxygen, the energy still stored in pyruvate is unavailable to the cell. The structure of ATP is a nucleoside triphosphate, consisting of a nitrogenous base (adenine), a ribose sugar, and three serially bonded phosphate groups. answer choices . Many different molecules can be fed into respiration. Answer verified by Toppr. Q. 4.8/5 (594 Views . The 6-carbon glucose is broken down into two 3-carbon molecules of pyruvic acid. Aerobic cellular respiration is a specific series of enzyme- result in the glucose being oxidized. glucose -> ATP + CO2. Aerobic respiration involves the transfer of many electrons from glucose to electron carriers such as NAD+ over a series of multiple steps. Krebs Cycle. Yeast and many bacteria are facultative anaerobes that can survive using either fermentation or respiration. answer choices. Pyruvate oxidation: Some types of amino acids can enter as pyruvate. C. 2, 30. . To enter the mitochondria, glucose must first be lysed into smaller molecules. A detailed schematic diagram of glycolysis is shown in Figure 11.3 of your text. The glucose is then broken down into ethanol (alcohol) and carbon dioxide in a decomposition reaction, where energy is also produced - although there is less energy produced than in aerobic respiration. Substrate -level phosphorylation, where a substrate of glycolysis donates a phosphate to ADP, occurs in two steps of the second-half of glycolysis to produce ATP. Aerobic respiration occurs in the presence of oxygen and oxidizes pyruvic acid to carbon dioxide and water . Under aerobic respiration, a molecule of glucose yields 38 ATP, but the same molecule of glucose yields only 2 ATP under anaerobic respiration. Q. Q. Under aerobic respiration, a molecule of glucose yields 38 ATP, but the same molecule of glucose yields only 2 ATP under anaerobic respiration. Fermentation. The process begins with a molecule of glucose, which has six carbon atoms. It occurs in a series of smaller steps designed to maximize the production of energy, as we"ll see shortly. Glycolysis is an ancient metabolic pathway, meaning that it evolved long ago, and it is found in the great majority of organisms alive today. Fermentation can generate ATP from glucose by substrate-level phosphorylation as long as there is a supply of NAD+ to accept e-. A variety of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats in a diet. STAGE I: Glycolysis (cytoplasm) Glucose is broken down to pyruvate for a net gain of 2 ATP. If the NAD+ pool is exhausted, glycolysis shuts down. D. Respiration. Answer (1 of 2): Tissue respiration means Intracellular respiration by cells (in cytoplasm in Prokaryotic cells (Bacteria and Archae) and inside Mitochondria in Eukaryotic (animal and plant) cells) in which Oxygen is utilized to completely burn Glucose to produce Water and Carbondioxide and produ. All of the answer choices are correct. is the partial oxidation of glucose (6 carbons) into 2 molecules of pyruvate (pyruvic acid) which has 3 carbons 2. Carbon Dioxide and water. For many organisms, aerobic respiration continues with the Krebs Cycle and the electron transport chain in the mitochondria (green). Without oxygen, the energy still stored in pyruvate is unavailable to the cell. answer choices . Q. Anaerobic respiration is respiration using electron acceptors other than molecular oxygen (O 2).Although oxygen is not the final electron acceptor, the process still uses a respiratory electron transport chain. In which case aerobic glycolysis can and should be called "aerobic respiration"--included in the article on cellular respiration. S. A. carbohydrates. glycolysis. yeast. This single pathway is called by different names . overall reaction: C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 6 CO 2 + 6 H 2 O + 30-32 ATP + Heat. Under aerobic conditions, pyruvate can diffuse into mitochondria, where it enters the citric acid cycle and generates reducing equivalents in the form of NADH and FADH2. The table on the next page provides a summary of the events that occur in cellular respiration and where in the cell they take place. The electron transport chain (Figure 1) is the last component of aerobic respiration and is the only part of glucose metabolism that uses atmospheric oxygen.Note, however, that the electron transport chain of prokaryotes may not require oxygen as some live in anaerobic conditions. removed are picked up by the coenzyme NAD +. In . Without oxygen, the energy still stored in pyruvate is unavailable to the cell. there is not enough carbohydrate is in the diet and when carbohydrate is unavailable oxaloacetic acid is converted to glucose and becomes unavailable to the citric acid cycle . Simplified image of cellular respiration pathways, showing the different stages at which various types of molecules can enter. This happens when the plant gets more oxygen. 1 / 1 ptsQ uestion 13 If glucose is unavailable, aerobic respiration may occur with proteins. This process does not make ATP alone, but it allows glycolysis to continue making ATP when oxygen is unavailable for cellular respiration. Figure 3. Anaerobic respiration takes place in the absence of oxygen and is seen in lower animals. controlled chemical reactions in which oxygen is involved in the breakdown of glucose into carbon dioxide and water and These high-energy electrons must be controlled. If glucose is unavailable, aerobic respiration may occur with? However, glycolysis doesn't require oxygen, and many anaerobic organisms—organisms that do not use oxygen . Anaerobic respiration therefore only synthesises 2 ATP molecules which, in comparison with the 30-32 ATP molecules yielded in aerobic respiration, is far less efficient. (See figure 3). Glycolysis: Sugars, glycerol from fats, and some types of amino acids can enter cellular respiration during glycolysis. Without oxygen, the energy still stored in pyruvate is unavailable to the cell. answer choices. It occurs in the cytosol of all cells and this is thought to indicate that it is one of the most ancient pathways of carbon metabolism. whereas _____ ATP are produced per molecule of glucose by aerobic respiration. Acetyl CoA to CO 2. Glycolysis is an ancient metabolic pathway, meaning that it evolved long ago, and it is found in the great majority of organisms alive today. Aerobic catabolism of sugars can occur by fermentation. Answer (1 of 3): I'm not an expert on anaerobes per se but here goes. If you were studying the ATP-yielding reactions of organisms living in mud at the bottom of a pond, you would observe glycolysis because it does not require. 1 / 1 ptsQ uestion 14 During glycolysis and the Krebs cycle, NAD+ picks up two . If glucose is unavailable, aerobic respiration may occur with. Kreb's cycle. answer choices . Aerobic cellular respiration is the process by which all organisms use C6H12O6 (glucose) and 6O2 to make 6CO2, 6H2O and 36 ATP. Glycolysis Glycolysis is the first part of respiration. Krebs Cycle/Citric Acid Cycle/Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle It occurs in a series of smaller steps designed to maximize the production of energy, as we"ll see shortly. It doesn"t occur, however, as a single reaction, in a single step. Compare and contrast aerobic respiration, anaerobic respiration, and fermentation of glucose 2. The glucose is then broken down into ethanol (alcohol) and carbon dioxide in a decomposition reaction, where energy is also produced - although there is less energy produced than in aerobic respiration. Note the following things in this diagram: Glycolysis occurs in the presence or absence of oxygen and is when glucose is broken down. glucose + oxygen --> carbon dioxide and water and energy. When oxygen is unavailable pyruvic acid is converted to? (b) Each glucose molecule produces two ATP and two molecules of pyruvic acid, which can be used in aerobic respiration or converted to lactic acid.

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